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25 questions and answers

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21) How many types of lunar eclipses are there?


There are three types of lunar eclipses: total, partial, or penumbral, depending on the shadow cast by the Earth when it blocks the Sun's light. It is called umbra when the Earth completely blocks the Sun's light and the shadow is darker and more central. In a total lunar eclipse, the Moon enters the umbra completely, acquiring its characteristic reddish color ("blood moon"). In a partial eclipse, only part of the Moon enters the Earth's umbra. 

A penumbral eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's penumbra, the shadow zone where sunlight is only partially blocked. This shadow is lighter than the umbra, which is the central and darkest shadow. As a result, the Moon only darkens slightly. This change is very subtle and often difficult to notice with the naked eye.