French President Jacques Chirac addressed the Johannesburg Climate Summit with these words: "Our house is burning and we are looking the other way".

In my latest book on Ecology, Climate Change and the Sixth Extinction (McGraw-Hill), available on the Internet and published last May, in connection with the European Green Pact, "it is clear that we are in an era of global warming due to natural causes caused by methane and carbon dioxide emissions, volcanic eruptions, serious forest fires and anthropogenic emissions of these same greenhouse gases. We are facing a global climate change that affects not only temperature changes, but also the increase and intensity of cyclones and storms, the alteration of rain cycles and the increasing melting of the planet's glaciers. We point out as causes of species extinction, and the consequent loss of biodiversity of ecosystems, climate change, air, water, soil and ocean pollution; natural disasters and catastrophes; ecosystem fragmentation; the use of pesticides and fertilizers; poaching and overfishing; and the invasion of exotic species, with health effects in the transmission of pathogens and zoonoses. We point out more than 25 zoonotic diseases transmitted by pathogens to humans and animals including the COVID-19 coronavirus. In the second part of the book we point out some proposals to mitigate species extinction, seeking resilient ecosystems that can absorb disturbances and recover pristine conditions; among them: the declaration of protected areas and spaces, the restoration of ecological corridors to avoid the isolation of populations, the creation of nature conservation and seed banks, botanical gardens and modern research zoos where ex situ conservation breeding programs of endangered species are carried out, which can be reintroduced into the wild, and programs for the protection of threatened, vulnerable or endangered species, such as the European Union's LIFE Program."

The European Green Pact

Indeed, climate change and environmental degradation are a severe threat facing Europe and the rest of the world. To overcome these challenges, the European Commission adopted in 2019, the European Green Pact which is a shared strategy with a commitment to reduce net carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2050 at the latest. To achieve this goal, Europe needs growth planning that transforms the Union's development into a modern and competitive economy that drives resource efficiency by transitioning to a clean and circular economy. Measures are also needed to reduce pollution and, as far as possible, to restore the biodiversity of ecosystems.

In order to achieve these goals, action will be needed in all sectors of our economy: investing in environmentally friendly technologies; supporting industry to innovate; deploying cleaner, cheaper and healthier public and private transport systems; decarbonizing the energy sector; ensuring that buildings are more energy efficient; and strengthening international collaboration to improve global environmental standards.

The European Green Pact aims to leave behind a pattern of economic growth that is considered unsustainable and obsolete. To this end, in addition to drastically reducing polluting emissions, it includes measures to promote renewable energies, electric cars and recycling, improve air and water quality, combat deforestation, renovate inefficient buildings and amend the Common Agricultural Policy to set targets for reducing pesticides and fertilizers. The Pact outlines the necessary investments and financing tools to ensure a just transition that leaves no one behind. The EU aims to be climate neutral by 2050, and to this end, it is proposed as a complement to the European Green Pact a European Climate Law The EU aspires to be climate neutral by 2050, and to this end, it is proposed to make this political commitment a legal obligation for all EU member states.

The President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, in proposing the European Green Pact in the European Parliament argued that "just as Europeans invested in coal and steel after World War II, now is the time to invest in renewable energies to reconcile the economy with the planet". His proposal received the backing of the People's Party, the Socialists and the Liberals, the three majority forces in the European Parliament.